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The American Osteopathic Association (AOA) represents more than 186,000 osteopathic physicians (DOs) and osteopathic medical students.

In addition to advancing the distinctive philosophy and practice of osteopathic medicine, the AOA promotes public health, encourages scientific research, serves as the primary certifying body for DOs and acts as the accrediting agency for all osteopathic medical schools.

If you’re a member of the media working on an article about osteopathic medicine or seeking an expert source, please send a note to pr@osteopathic.org.


Recent news releases

March 15, 2024: DO placements in 2024 NRMP Match reach all-time high
The American Osteopathic Association is pleased to announce that a record high number of 7,705 osteopathic medical students and past DO graduates matched into year 1 (PGY-1) residency positions through the National Resident Matching Program (NRMP). This number reflects a 92.3% match rate for the 8,033 DO seniors who participated, a 0.7% increase from last year. READ MORE

Feb 15, 2024: America’s leading physician groups unequivocally support COVID-19 vaccines
A statement from the Group of Six (AAFP, AAP, ACOG, ACP, AOA, and APA): Our organizations, representing nearly 600,000 physicians, residents and medical students, accept the large body of evidence that makes clear that COVID-19 vaccines are safe, are effective and save lives. We urge members of Congress to acknowledge the overwhelming evidence-based science and recognize how COVID-19 vaccines protect and save millions of lives. READ MORE


Osteopathic Medicine FAQ

What are DOs?

There are two types of physicians in the US: Medical Doctors (MDs) and Doctors of Osteopathic Medicine (DOs). Their training and education are similar and equally rigorous, involving four years of medical school followed by specialty training in a residency program. Both types of physicians practice in every medical and surgical specialty in the United States.

DOs bring a unique approach to the practice of medicine, focusing on prevention by examining how a patient’s lifestyle and environment impact well-being. As part of their education, DOs receive extra training in the musculoskeletal system (the body’s interconnected system of muscles, bones and joints), enabling them to provide patients with an advanced level of comprehensive care.

Today, there are approximately 149,000 licensed and practicing osteopathic physicians in the US, which is just over 11% of the physician population. Osteopathic medicine is the fastest growing medical field in the US, and one in four medical students in the United States is training to be an osteopathic physician.

What is osteopathic medicine?

Osteopathic medicine is practiced by Doctors of Osteopathic Medicine, or DOs, who make up 11% of the physician population in the US.

The osteopathic philosophy of medicine sees an interrelated unity in all systems of the body, with each working with the other to heal in times of illness.

What is the AOA?

The American Osteopathic Association (AOA) represents more than 186,000 osteopathic physicians (DOs) and osteopathic medical students. In addition to advancing the distinctive philosophy and practice of osteopathic medicine, the AOA promotes public health, encourages scientific research, serves as the primary certifying body for DOs and acts as the accrediting agency for all osteopathic medical schools. Learn more about DOs and their distinctive body, mind, spirit approach to care.

What is the correct terminology?

‘Osteopathic physician’ and ‘osteopathic medicine’ are the terms to use for the DOs. ‘Osteopath’ and ‘osteopathy’ refer to foreign-trained, non-physician health care professionals.

Osteopathic physician (DO) should be used when referring to a fully licensed physician who graduated from an accredited osteopathic medical school in the United States and is qualified to prescribe medication and practice in all specialty areas including surgery.

Osteopath describes a health care provider trained outside of the United States who does not qualify for licensure for the unlimited practice of medicine.

Osteopathic medicine should be used when referring to medicine practiced by osteopathic physicians who graduate from accredited osteopathic medical schools in the United States. Osteopathy should only be used when referring to the occupation of osteopaths trained outside of the United States who do not qualify for licensure for the unlimited practice of medicine.

Doctor of Osteopathic Medicine is the proper name for the degree granted by osteopathic medical schools in the United States and is represented by the acronym DO. Do not use Doctor of Osteopathy. DO also may be used in place of osteopathic physician.

How should the DO designation be used?

Use the DO designation when referring to an osteopathic physician in the first reference:

  • Jane M. Jones, DO

State a DO’s specialty as:

  • Dr. Jane M. Jones, an osteopathic radiologist
  • Dr. James A. Rodriguez, an osteopathic pediatrician

Hold more than one professional degree? Use:

  • Jane M. Jones, DO, PhD
  • James A. Rodriguez, DO, MPH

Use the terms family medicine and family physician instead of general practice and general practitioner.

How should osteopathic medical schools be referenced?

Refer to osteopathic medical schools with their osteopathic identification:

  • New York Institute of Technology College of Osteopathic Medicine
  • Kansas City University of Medicine and Biosciences College of Osteopathic Medicine
What are the education, training, and licensure requirements for DOs?

Like MDs, DOs complete four years of medical school, followed by post-graduate training that may include an internship, residency and fellowship.  Physicians licensed as DOs, like their MD counterparts, must pass a stringent national medical board examination and complete post-graduate training in order to be eligible for state licensure. DOs and MDs may also become board-certified in the practice of their medical specialty.

What makes DOs different from MDs?

One way in which DOs are distinct from MDs is they receive an additional 200 hours of training in osteopathic manipulative medicine (OMM). Through their training, DOs come to understand the body’s musculoskeletal system, an interconnected system of nerves, muscles and bones.

DOs partner with patients to help them get healthy and stay well. They take a whole-person approach to treatment and care, focusing on the body, mind and spirit of their patients. DOs practicing OMM provide diagnosis and treatment through a system of techniques that also help alleviate pain, restore motion, and support the body’s structure to help it function more efficiently.


View the AOA’s annual Osteopathic Medical Profession (OMP) report for more information and current data on osteopathic medicine.

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